How does IPsec differ from TLS and SSH?

How does IPsec differ from TLS and SSH?

• A. TLS operates at the Transport Layer, SSH operates at the Application layer, while IPsec operates at the Network layer providing end-to-end security.
• B. IPsec is used only for web traffic; TLS for email; SSH for file transfer.
• C. IPsec is ephemeral; TLS uses long-term keys; SSH uses password authentication only.
• D. IPsec operates at the IP layer providing end-to-end security, TLS operates at the Transport Layer, and SSH operates at the Application layer.

Answer: (D)

Think about where security is applied in the network stack. IPsec protects the actual IP packets as they move, sitting at the IP layer and providing end-to-end security between hosts or gateways across a network. TLS secures data as it travels between applications over a transport connection (typically TCP), so it operates on top of the transport layer. SSH runs at the application layer, offering secure remote login and file transfer services. Because of these layer placements, the description that IPsec operates at the IP layer providing end-to-end security, TLS operates at the Transport Layer, and SSH operates at the Application layer is the most accurate. The other options mix up where each protocol operates or how they’re used.

Think about where security is applied in the network stack. IPsec protects the actual IP packets as they move, sitting at the IP layer and providing end-to-end security between hosts or gateways across a network. TLS secures data as it travels between applications over a transport connection (typically TCP), so it operates on top of the transport layer. SSH runs at the application layer, offering secure remote login and file transfer services. Because of these layer placements, the description that IPsec operates at the IP layer providing end-to-end security, TLS operates at the Transport Layer, and SSH operates at the Application layer is the most accurate. The other options mix up where each protocol operates or how they’re used.